The TEFL Academy eLearning

Certificate of Advanced English - a Cambridge English examination for students at C1 level.

Computer Assisted Language Learning

Caregiver speech is the simple language used to address young children. It is also referred to as child-directed speech, and it is sometimes called 'motherese.'

When a word in a text refers to another one which occurs later in the text. E.g., Because he was feeling unwell, James decided to go back to bed. Here he refers forward to James.

See also anaphoric reference and exophoric reference.

Competency-Based Language Teaching. In this approach, learning goals are defined 'in terms of precise measurable descriptions of the knowledge, skills, and behaviors students should possess at the end of a course of study.' (Richards & Rodgers, 2001, p.141).

See concept checking.

Common European Framework of Reference. System used for describing a learner's ability in a second or foreign language.

See CPE.

See caregiver speech.